I just added this paragraph to the last post: "Teachings of Ali, 1º Imam of Shiia and qutb or master of Iran,..."

                                                        

«As will be seen later, there is much in this definition of dhikr which resonates with the Imam’s perspective. What is to be stressed for now is that when the thing remembered, or ‘rendered present’ to consciousness, is God, the importance of the principle of dhikru’Llāh becomes clear. Dhikru’Llāh should thus be seen, in the first instance and above all else, as a principle of awareness, an in-depth assimilation of the divine presence; but it must also be seen as an action, a practice or a series of practices (10) and thus as a spiritual discipline. In other words, dhikru’Llāh can be understood both as the end and a means to that end, both spiritual awareness and methodic practice aiming at that awareness. It is in the Sufi tradition that this relationship between the practice of the dhikr and the principle of consciousness intended by the practice is most highly elaborated. That is, the dhikr is presented both as a contemplative discipline centring on the methodic invocation or repetition of a Name of God; (11) and as the cognitive consequence and mystical fruit of this methodic discipline.»